Construction Of An Underground Network Of Tunnels

Introduction In the 1850s over 400,000 tonnes of waste and sewage was being discharged into the River Thames each day. By 1858 the stench from the raw sewage around and within the Thames was named the ‘Great Stink’. It was a Civil Engineer named Joseph Bazalgette who proposed a plan of the creation of an underground network of tunnels, to put an end to the polluted river. His engineering feat has been improved and extended vastly but the Victorian Sewers still stand as London’s primary sewer system. The sewers were designed to be a combined system meaning rainwater and waste were transported in the same manner. Bazalgette designed Combined Sewage Overflow (CSO) points along the Thames. The CSO’s discharged the sewage and rainwater into the Thames after substantial rainfall, this prevented flooding the streets and houses. When designing the sewers, population increase was taken into consideration. (16) The underground system and factories were designed to treat and trans fer sewage of up to double the population that was present when construction began. However the population of London almost quadrupled from 2.35 Million in 1850 (19) to 8.17 million in 2011(7). This drastic increase meant that the sewers were overloaded. The CSO’s were overflowing with only 2mm of rainfall and on average discharging into the Thames around twice a week. The head of Thames Water Phil stride, said â€Å"Currently, 32 million cubic metres of storm sewage overflows from London s Victorian sewers intoShow MoreRelatedHistory: Tunnels and Engineers845 Words   |  3 Pagesground has become increasingly congested. Tunnels provide some of the last available space for cars and trains, water and sewage, and even power lines. Today, its safe to bore through mountains and burrow beneath oceans; however it was not always this easy. 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